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All Nobel Prize 2025 Winners

  • Sakura Yoshino
  • Oct 27
  • 2 min read

The Nobel Prize announcements for this year started on Monday, October 6th, with the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine award. Nobel announcements continued with the physics prize on Tuesday, the chemistry prize on Wednesday, and were followed by the literature prize on Thursday. The Nobel Peace Prize was also announced on Friday, followed by the announcement of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences on October 13th. 


Category

Winners

Research area

Physiology or Medicine

Mary E. Brunkow

Fred Ramsdell

Shimon Sakaguchi

Peripheral immune system

Physics

John Clarke


Michel H. Devoret


John M. Martinis

Macroscopic quantum mechanical tunnelling

Chemistry 

Susumu Kitagawa


Richard Robson


Omar M. Yaghi

Development of metal-organic frameworks

Literature

László Krasznahorkai

Compelling and visionary oeuvre

Peace

Maria Corina Machado

Promoting democratic rights for the people of Venezuela

Economic Sciences

Joel Mokyr


Philippe Aghion and Peter Howitt

Innovation-led economic growth

The award ceremony will be held on December 10th, the anniversary of the death of Alfred Nobel. Nobel was a wealthy Swedish industrialist and the inventor of dynamite. He left the majority of his fortune to a fund established to create the Nobel Prizes, which were first presented in 1901. Nobel died in San Remo, Italy, from a cerebral hemorrhage on December 10th, 1896. The Nobel Prize awards are given to people “who have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind” in the previous twelve months (Alfred Nobel).


The Selection Process

Each year, different organizations are responsible for selecting the Nobel Prize winners in each category. Five of the six awards are awarded in Sweden, while the Nobel Peace Prize is decided in Norway. Nominations come from academics, university professors, scientists, past laureates, and other qualified individuals. According to the Nobel Foundation's rules, the shortlists remain confidential for 50 years. 

Recipients are known as laureates, a term that traces back to the laurel wreaths awarded to champions in ancient Greece.

Up to three people can share a single prize, although there have been years, particularly during the two World Wars, when no prize was given. The Nobel Foundation also states that if no suitable candidate is found in a category, the award is withheld and the prize money is kept for the following year. 


The Prizes

Each Nobel Prize recipient receives three items:

  • A Nobel diploma, individually designed as a unique work of art

  • A Nobel medal, featuring slightly different designs depending on the category

  • A cash award of 10 million Swedish krona (£836,000; $1.1 million), which is divided among winners if there are multiple recipients



Bibliography

“All Nobel Prizes.” (2025). Nobel Prize Outreach,

“Nobel prizes: Why are they so important?” (2021). BBC,

“The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica.” (2025). Encyclopedia Britannica,


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